The San Vitale in Ravenna and The Dome of the Rock in...

Monuments such as the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem and San Vitale in Ravenna, perform a great importance in Byzantine and Islamic architecture. Both of these structures did not exclusively represent the main place of worship, but most importantly as a symbol of achievement and growth within the current times of construction. Starting in 524, under the influence of Orthodox bishop Ecclesius, the development of San Vitale was to represent the achievements of the emperor Justinian. Julius Argentarius was the sponsor for this structure and it was dedicated by Bishop Maximian in 547. The Dome of the Rock is built on the Temple Mount in Jerusalem in 692 with the help of Abd al-Malik with the suspected intention to symbolize Islams influence in†¦show more content†¦On the lower half is an organization of geometric forms. However, the most important mosaic is the representation of Emperor Justinian and Emprise Theodora. Justinian is presented holding a bowl of Eucharistic bread as Theodora carries a chalice or vessel of Eucharistic wine. Due to the orientation of these figures and the ones that surrounds them, it could be suggested that they represent bringing Eucharistic elements into the church. Perhaps even as an offering to christ which is reinforced by the three magi bearing gifts on Theodoras rob. The Dome of the Rock is constructed with a wood structure encased with marble and stone mosaics. The octagonal plan has a large central space which is separated with two surrounding ambulatories. Supporting the tall cylindrical dome is four masonry piers and twelve Corinthian columns. With tie beams separating columns from their capitals, is twenty-four Corinthian columns and piers in an alternating pattern mimicking the central circle support. The interior of this space is embellished lavishly with veined marble, gilded glass, and coloured stone. On lower half of the arcades are fitted marble with intricate patterns as above is decorative with mosaics of tr ees, plants, fruits, jewels (such as breast plates and necklaces), chalices and crowns. The gold gilded wood dome is decorated with red and gold floral

Crime And Punishment In Wuthering Heights Essay - 493 Words

The complex and furious creation of Emily Brontà «, Wuthering Heights is a powerful novel that fiercely combines many of the greatest themes in literature, such as love and its intricacies, revenge and the its terrible effects, and the contrasts between nature and society. One of the most prevalent themes in this celebrated work is that of crime and punishment, or sin and retribution. One character in particular, Heathcliff, stands apart as a conduit for both of these, es-pecially his sins. His past crimes, both worldly and metaphysical, coincide with his punishments. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Heathcliff, to some, began life as a crime. His foster brother Hindley shunned him as a reject from society while viewing Heathcliffamp;#8217;s†¦show more content†¦Partly influenced by her stay at the Lintonamp;#8217;s, Cathy (Earnshaw) sees Heathcliff as lower than herself, and that amp;#8220;It would degrade me to marry Heathcliff now; so he shall never know how I love him.; This harsh rebuke according to social structure distorts Heathcliffamp;#8217;s very temperament into a nature even more twisted than it previously had been, and upon Cathyamp;#8217;s marriage to Edgar, Heathcliff finds a target towards which he can divert his unyielding rage. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Sympathy should almost be expressed for Heathcliff, since he undergoes a punishment so severe and yet so directly undeserving: spiritual torment. Due to the loss of Cathy to Edgar by a standard over which he had no control, Heathcliff bears a weight on his shoulders for the rest of his life, being forced to endure his life without his true companion. This terrible affliction even drives him to disturb the resting-places of the dead, wherein he makes every attempt to place himself between Cathy and Edgar. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;It could be supposed that Heathcliff dies a wretched soul, convicted of his crimes and having carried out his sentences. There is a glimmer of hope in his character, however, in light of his final temperament. In the end, the love of Catherine and Hareton amp;#8211; the reconciliation of the families amp;#8211; serves as this flickerShow MoreRelatedOthello Comparison Essay3062 Words   |  13 PagesHow is the theme of suffering portrayed in ‘Othello’, ‘Wuthering Heights’ and ‘One flew over the Cuckoo’s Nest’? The theme of suffering can come in numerous varieties; under categories both physical and emotional. Suffering is presented as a key concept in ‘Othello’, ‘Wuthering Heights’ and ‘One flew over the Cuckoo’s Nest’. 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The And Toxic Marijuan Feminists Always Dominate The World...

Charming and Toxic Marijuana: Feminists Always Dominate the World â€Å"As soon as a woman gets to an age where she has opinions and she is vital and strong. She is systematically shamed into hiding under a rock†. (Brain Quotes). Speaking of genders, men are considered more advantageous than women. Dating back to ancient times, men traditionally were determined more valuable over women based on the physical strengths and the capacity of resistance of outside pressure. However, not reconciled to the situation, women were making great efforts to enhance their positions and fortify their status in the society, which were beneficial for their own developments. For instance, the first female monarch of ancient China, empress Wu, ascended the throne in AD 630. Being admired and debated sharply, her ruling of the empire for over fifty years has laid the foundation of feminism. Meanwhile, her appearance encouraged more women to challenge the public prejudices instead of being the sweet sacrifices of the patriarchal society. Not only in ancient China , also in other various cultures, women were fighting for their rights but buried throughout human history. Defined as complex and sophisticated, women now are performing indispensable roles in the family and society. Under the enormous effects of several outstanding women, the opinion of that â€Å"the greatest responsibility for women is to give birth and center the housework† vanished and gradually alternated to a brand new modern point of

Inheritance Patterns - Genetics - Senior Biology free essay sample

By measuring various characteristics of the growth rates of the germinated seeds, as well as performing experiments to determine the relative amounts of chlorophyll present, we should be able to scientifically describe the effects of the different mutations. Using the total number of the different phenotypes from our class results, we need to determine the type of inheritance pattern that the mutations show. Timeline Issue date: March 28th Seedling Germination: April 6th Draft of report submission: May 14th Submission of topic: May 21st Final report, and logbook submitted (up to 2500 words) Experimental Design Aim:State your hypothesis from the Hypothesis W/S (â€Å"If.. then.. †statement) Each plant with the Green Phenotype and the GxG / Gxg Genotype (where the g: yellow/white is recessive) will grow much more effectively than those with a White or Yellow Phenotype with the Genotypes of gxg. Design: Describe how you could test your hypothesis By measuring the plant collective daily the hypothesis will be proven through continual comparison of each species. At the end of the measuring period each species and Phenotype will be weighed to determine overall biological mass and which point the overall growth rate for each phenotype will be given. Materials: List the equipment you will need Part A: * Water * Measuring Utensils * Seed Planter * Seeds * Ruler * Soil Part B: * Test tubes * Beakers * Hot Plate * Scales * Cutting Utensils * Light absorption meter * Tongs * Boiling Chips Method: What will you change (called the independent variable) and what will you measure? (dependant variable) What will you keep the same (the controlled variables) and how will you accomplish this? We will be measuring the growth rate of the collective for each species and phenotype. The independent variable will be the phenotypes within each species (ie White/Green amp; Dark Green, Green amp; Yellow). I plan to keep the amount of water at a constant by watering each individual with 5mL of water daily and preventing rain from affecting them. Sunlight will also be controlled by the placement of the seed planters, had the sun gone out due to rain the plants would have been placed under UV filters for the interim. The soil was kept at a constant due to the use of similar soil for each individual seedling. Part A: * Allow the seeds to germinate before placing them into the soil filled seed planter * Water the seedlings daily, assure that enough sun is available for your seedlings * Take measurements of all seedlings as soon as the first shoot appears out of one of the seed boxes. * Repeat Steps 2 amp; 3 for 5 weeks until completetion Part B: * Remove the plants from the seed planters and arrange them into species then into their phenotypes. * Remove dirt and roots. Measure each phenotype’s mass and record the data. * Cut up 1g of each phenotype (measure with the scales) and place into a test tube filled with 25mL of ethanol. * Boil the contents of the test tubes in a beaker filled with 250mL of water till the biological matter has become a liquid. – Add boiling chips to the beaker * Pour each phenotype into the spectrometer’s measuring prisms * Record the data presented by the light absorption meter Data Collection: In what form will you record your results in your logbook? Table / Graph / Diagram? What measurements will be made ? The aim of the experiment was to investigate the effect of genetic lineage (inheritance patterns) on peas and barley when the variables, water (amount per day), Soil (being used), Sunlight (amount per day), placement (of the test subjects) and the time (in which the experiment was conducted) are kept constant. I had to investigate the effect of the mutation on the plants and then determine the type of inheritance pattern shown in each case. By following in the footsteps of the Father of Genetics ‘Gregor Johann Mendel’; I’ve attempted to achieve recreating (on a much smaller scale) one of his inheritance experiments conducted in 1856-1863. This particular experiment led him to create the  Law of Segregation  and the  Law of Independent Assortment, which later became known as Mendels Laws of Inheritance. By following the â€Å"Second Law† created by Mendel (Independent Assortment) it was possible to hypothesise that the growth rate of both peas and barley were manipulated by the phenotype and genotype of each individual plant, chlorophyll absorption within each plant and how had the inheritance pattern affected the overall biological mass/growth rate of the collective. Essentially the phenotype ‘Green’ has a higher probability to grow into adulthood without complication due to the Chlorophyll’s ability to absorb more light (to photosynthesise and grow) as opposed to the white or yellow phenotypes which absorb less light due to the colour pigmentation within their leaves. The inheritance pattern of both peas and barely contributes to the genotypes and phenotypes present within the plants. Theoretically had all barley and pea plants of a ‘Green Phenotype’ and the ‘GxG Genotype’ (G: Green) been bred as a species, all of the plants would have had an equal growth rate. In this instance, each plant with the Green Phenotype and the GxG / Gxg Genotype (where the g: yellow/white is recessive) will grow much more effectively than those with a White or Yellow Phenotype and the Genotypes of gxg. Preliminary Hypothesis Justification Sunlight contains 4% ultraviolet radiation, 52% infrared radiation and 44% visible light. All green phenotype plants absorb blue and yellow wavelengths of light effectively to grow whereas green is redundant; similarly yellow plants cannot absorb the yellow light effectively. White plants such as the barley wither due to their pigments not protecting them from over exposure to sunlight. Orientation The experiment was carried out over a number of weeks to allow for plant growth, all variables controlled were done so to ensure a higher probability for accurate results. The experimental design followed practical task information set out by the head of department (John Allwood) and was completed to the outlined standards set March 28th.